Incentive Pay for Teachers

This report is from India; it's entirely possible that it's completely irrelevant to US issues. Still, it's also possible that it's not irrelevant at all: Shout it from the Rooftops! Performance Pay for Teachers in India

Students who had completed their entire five years of primary school education under the program scored 0.54 and 0.35 standard deviations (SD) higher than those in control schools in math and language tests respectively. These are large effects corresponding to approximately 20 and 14 percentile point improvements at the median of a normal distribution

Second, the results suggest that these test score gains represent genuine additions to human capital as opposed to reflecting only ‘teaching to the test’. ... ...

Or then again....